Understanding Net Assets Released from Restriction

When you receive a restricted grant and then spend it on the intended purpose, you need to "release" those funds from restriction. This is one of the most important (and confusing) concepts in nonprofit accounting.

This guide explains net assets released from restriction in plain English.

What Does "Released from Restriction" Mean?

The Basic Concept

When a funder gives you restricted money:

1. You record it as temporarily restricted revenue
2. It sits in temporarily restricted net assets
3. When you spend it properly, you release it to unrestricted

Why This Matters

Your Statement of Activities shows:

• Revenue with and without restrictions (what came in)
• Net assets released from restriction (what you spent properly)
• Expenses (always unrestricted)

Without the release, your statements won't balance properly.

Real-World Example

1. January: Receive $10,000 restricted grant for youth programs

   • Record: Revenue (With Donor Restrictions) +$10,000

2. March: Spend $3,000 on youth program expenses

   • Record: Expenses +$3,000
   • Record: Net Assets Released from Restriction +$3,000 (from restricted)
   • Record: Net Assets Released from Restriction -$3,000 (to unrestricted)

The Journal Entries

When You Receive Restricted Funds

Debit:  Cash                                    $10,000
Credit: Contribution Revenue - With Restrictions        $10,000

This increases your cash and your temporarily restricted net assets.

When You Spend Restricted Funds

First, record the expense (always unrestricted):

Debit:  Program Expenses                        $3,000
Credit: Cash/Accounts Payable                           $3,000

Then, record the release:

Debit:  Net Assets Released - Restricted        $3,000
Credit: Net Assets Released - Unrestricted              $3,000

Net Effect on Statement of Activities

With Donor Restrictions Column:

• Revenue: +$10,000
• Released: -$3,000
• Net: +$7,000 (remaining restricted)

Without Donor Restrictions Column:

• Released: +$3,000
• Expenses: -$3,000
• Net: $0

When to Release Funds

Time Restrictions

If a grant says "for fiscal year 2026":

• Record as restricted when received
• Release on the first day of fiscal year 2026
• Or release as spent during the period

Purpose Restrictions

If a grant says "for youth programming":

• Record as restricted when received
• Release as you incur qualified expenses
• Match releases to spending

Both Time and Purpose

If a grant says "for youth programming in 2026":

• Record as restricted when received
• Only release when both conditions met
• Must be 2026 AND youth program expense

Methods of Recognizing Release

Method 1: As Incurred

Release matches spending dollar-for-dollar each period.

Pros:

• Easy to track
• Matches release to actual spending
• Clear audit trail

Cons:

• More transactions
• Must track spending by grant

Method 2: Periodic (Monthly/Quarterly)

Calculate total qualified spending and release in batch.

Pros:

• Fewer transactions
• Efficient for multiple grants
• Works with month-end close

Cons:

• Must reconcile carefully
• Slight timing differences

Method 3: At Grant End

Release entire grant when fully spent.

Pros:

• Simple
• Few transactions

Cons:

• Distorts interim statements
• May not comply with GAAP
• Not recommended

Setting This Up in QuickBooks

QuickBooks Online doesn't natively track restricted funds, but you can set up accounts:

Chart of Accounts Setup

Revenue Accounts:
  4100 - Contributions - Unrestricted
  4200 - Contributions - Temporarily Restricted
  4300 - Contributions - Permanently Restricted

Net Assets Released Accounts (Revenue section):
  4800 - Net Assets Released - From Restriction (revenue)
  4810 - Net Assets Released - To Unrestricted (contra-revenue)

Month-End Release Entry

Debit:  4800 Net Assets Released - From Restriction  $X
Credit: 4810 Net Assets Released - To Unrestricted        $X

Where $X = qualified spending on restricted grants for the period.

Tracking the Calculation

Maintain a schedule showing:

Grant	Beginning Restricted	Spending This Period	Released	Ending Restricted
Grant A	$10,000	$3,000	$3,000	$7,000
Grant B	$25,000	$8,500	$8,500	$16,500
Total	$35,000	$11,500	$11,500	$23,500

Common Mistakes

Mistake 1: Never Recording Releases

Recording restricted revenue but never releasing it.

Result: Restricted net assets grow forever; unrestricted shows only expenses.

Fix: Record releases as you spend restricted funds.

Mistake 2: Releasing Without Spending

Releasing funds before you've actually spent them properly.

Result: Overstated unrestricted net assets; audit findings.

Fix: Only release when you have qualifying expenses.

Mistake 3: Releasing Wrong Amounts

Releasing more than you've spent, or not matching spending.

Result: Incorrect net asset balances; reconciliation issues.

Fix: Track spending by grant and release the exact amount spent.

Mistake 4: Not Tracking by Grant

Lumping all restricted funds together without grant-level tracking.

Result: Can't tell which grants are over/underspent.

Fix: Maintain detailed tracking by grant.

FASB ASU 2016-14 Requirements

The current nonprofit accounting standard requires:

Statement of Activities

Must show:

• Revenue with donor restrictions (separate column or section)
• Net assets released from restrictions
• Change in net assets with restrictions
• Change in net assets without restrictions

Notes to Financial Statements

Disclose:

• Nature and amounts of donor restrictions
• How and when restrictions are released
• Board-designated amounts (if any)

Working with Your Accountant

At Month-End

Provide your accountant:

• Schedule of restricted funds by grant
• Spending by grant this period
• Calculation of amounts to release

At Year-End

Review together:

• Total releases match total restricted spending
• Ending restricted balances are accurate
• All restrictions properly classified

For Audit

Have available:

• Grant agreements (showing restrictions)
• Schedule of restricted activity by grant
• Reconciliation of restricted net assets

---

How GrantLink supports this today

GrantLink helps by organizing QBO-backed allocations, budget lines, fund receipts, funding shares, documents, report outputs, and activity history. It supports audit preparation, but it does not replace funder guidance, accounting policy, or professional review.